Congressional Legislation · bill 119hr21 · built from our database

Only the right has signed this so far (Bill Ranking)

Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act

H.R. 21 · 119th Congress (2025-2026)

H.R. 21119TH CONGRESSINTRODUCED 01/03/2025REP. WAGNERR-MO · SPONSORLeft: no (Sponsor Ranking)Lean left: no (Sponsor Ranking)Center: no (Sponsor Ranking)Lean right: DW-NOMINATE +0.39 (Sponsor Ranking)Right: no (Sponsor Ranking)LEAN RIGHT(SPONSOR RANKING)CRIME AND LAW ENFORCEMENT

164 members · Left 0 · Center 3 · Right 161 (Bill Ranking)

SponsorRep. Wagner, Ann (R-MO) (Introduced 01/03/2025)
Sponsor Voting RecordLean right · DW-NOMINATE +0.39 · measured from every roll-call vote this member has cast (voteview.com) (Sponsor Ranking)
Support
LLLCLRR

support across the spectrum: 164 members signed on (Bill Ranking) this bill: sponsor + current cosponsors, each once

CommitteesSenate - Judiciary Committee; House - Judiciary Committee; House - Judiciary Committee; House - Judiciary Committee
Latest Action01/24/2025 Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.
Roll Call Votes2
Sourceview on congress.gov →
IntroducedPassed HousePassed SenateResolving DifferencesTo PresidentBecame Law

Summary (1)

Introduced in House (01/03/2025)

Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act

This bill establishes requirements for the degree of care a health care practitioner must provide in the case of a child born alive following an abortion or attempted abortion.

Specifically, a health care practitioner who is present must (1) exercise the same degree of care as would reasonably be provided to any other child born alive at the same gestational age, and (2) ensure the child is immediately admitted to a hospital. Additionally, a health care practitioner or other employee who has knowledge of a failure to comply with the degree-of-care requirements must immediately report such failure to law enforcement.

A health care practitioner who fails to provide the required degree of care, or a health care practitioner or other employee who fails to report such failure, is subject to criminal penalties—a fine, up to five years in prison, or both.

An individual who intentionally kills or attempts to kill a child born alive is subject to prosecution for murder.

The bill bars the criminal prosecution of a mother of a child born alive under this bill and allows her to bring a civil action against a health care practitioner or other employee for violations.

Text (3)

Engrossed in House (EH)

119 HR 21 EH: Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act U.S. House of Representatives text/xml EN Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain. I 119th CONGRESS1st Session H. R. 21

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AN ACT To amend title 18, United States Code, to prohibit a health care practitioner from failing to exercise the proper degree of care in the case of a child who survives an abortion or attempted abortion.

1.Short titleThis Act may be cited as the Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act.

2.Findings; constitutional authority (a)FindingsCongress finds as follows: (1)If an abortion results in the live birth of an infant, the infant is a legal person for all purposes under the laws of the United States, and entitled to all the protections of such laws. (2)Any infant born alive after an abortion or within a hospital, clinic, or other facility has the same claim to the protection of the law that would arise for any newborn, or for any person who comes to a hospital, clinic, or other facility for screening and treatment or otherwise becomes a patient within its care. (b)Constitutional authorityIn accordance with the above findings, Congress enacts the following pursuant to Congress’ power under— (1)section 5 of the 14th Amendment, including the power to enforce the prohibition on government action denying equal protection of the laws; and (2)section 8 of article I to make all laws necessary and proper for carrying into execution the powers vested by the Constitution of the United States, including the power to regulate commerce under clause 3 of such section.

3.Born-alive infants protection (a)Requirements pertaining to born-Alive abortion survivorsChapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 1531 the following: 1532.Requirements pertaining to born-alive abortion survivors (a)Requirements for health care practitionersIn the case of an abortion or attempted abortion that results in a child born alive (as defined in section 8 of title 1, United States Code (commonly known as the Born-Alive Infants Protection Act)): (1)Degree of care required; immediate admission to a hospitalAny health care practitioner present at the time the child is born alive shall— (A)exercise the same degree of professional skill, care, and diligence to preserve the life and health of the child as a reasonably diligent and conscientious health care practitioner would render to any other child born alive at the same gestational age; and (B)following the exercise of skill, care, and diligence required under subparagraph (A), ensure that the child born alive is immediately transported and admitted to a hospital. (2)Mandatory reporting of violationsA health care practitioner or any employee of a hospital, a physician’s office, or an abortion clinic who has knowledge of a failure to comply with the requirements of paragraph (1) shall immediately report the failure to an appropriate State or Federal law enforcement agency, or to both. (b)Penalties (1)In generalWhoever violates subsection (a) shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or both. (2)Intentional killing of child born aliveWhoever intentionally performs or attempts to perform an overt act that kills a child born alive described under subsection (a), shall be punished as under section 1111 of this title for intentionally killing or attempting to kill a human being. (c)Bar to prosecutionThe mother of a child born alive described under subsection (a) may not be prosecuted under this section, for conspiracy to violate this section, or for an offense under section 3 or 4 of this title based on such a violation. (d)Civil remedies (1)Civil action by a woman on whom an abortion is performedIf a child is born alive and there is a violation of subsection (a), the woman upon whom the abortion was performed or attempted may, in a civil action against any person who committed the violation, obtain appropriate relief. (2)Appropriate reliefAppropriate relief in a civil action under this subsection includes— (A)objectively verifiable money damage for all injuries, psychological and physical, occasioned by the violation of subsection (a); (B)statutory damages equal to 3 times the cost of the abortion or attempted abortion; and (C)punitive damages. (3)Attorney’s fee for plaintiffThe court shall award a reasonable attorney’s fee to a prevailing plaintiff in a civil action under this subsection. (4)Attorney’s fee for defendantIf a defendant in a civil action under this subsection prevails and the court finds that the plaintiff’s suit was frivolous, the court shall award a reasonable attorney’s fee in favor of the defendant against the plaintiff. (e)DefinitionsIn this section the following definitions apply: (1)AbortionThe term abortion means the use or prescription of any instrument, medicine, drug, or any other substance or device— (A)to intentionally kill the unborn child of a woman known to be pregnant; or (B)to intentionally terminate the pregnancy of a woman known to be pregnant, with an intention other than— (i)after viability, to produce a live birth and preserve the life and health of the child born alive; or (ii)to remove a dead unborn child. (2)AttemptThe term attempt, with respect to an abortion, means conduct that, under the circumstances as the actor believes them to be, constitutes a substantial step in a course of conduct planned to culminate in performing an abortion.. (b)Clerical amendmentThe table of sections for chapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item pertaining to section 1531 the following: 1532. Requirements pertaining to born-alive abortion survivors.. (c)Chapter heading amendments (1)Chapter heading in chapterThe chapter heading for chapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking Partial-Birth Abortions and inserting Abortions. (2)Table of chapters for part IThe item relating to chapter 74 in the table of chapters at the beginning of part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking Partial-Birth Abortions and inserting Abortions. Passed the House of Representatives January 23, 2025.Kevin F. McCumber,Clerk.

Introduced in House (IH)

119 HR 21 IH: Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act U.S. House of Representatives 2025-01-03 text/xml EN Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain. I119th CONGRESS1st SessionH. R. 21IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVESJanuary 3, 2025Mrs. Wagner (for herself, Mr. Scalise, and Mrs. Cammack) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on the JudiciaryA BILLTo amend title 18, United States Code, to prohibit a health care practitioner from failing to exercise the proper degree of care in the case of a child who survives an abortion or attempted abortion.1.Short titleThis Act may be cited as the Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act.2.Findings; constitutional authority(a)FindingsCongress finds as follows:(1)If an abortion results in the live birth of an infant, the infant is a legal person for all purposes under the laws of the United States, and entitled to all the protections of such laws.(2)Any infant born alive after an abortion or within a hospital, clinic, or other facility has the same claim to the protection of the law that would arise for any newborn, or for any person who comes to a hospital, clinic, or other facility for screening and treatment or otherwise becomes a patient within its care.(b)Constitutional authorityIn accordance with the above findings, Congress enacts the following pursuant to Congress’ power under—(1)section 5 of the 14th Amendment, including the power to enforce the prohibition on government action denying equal protection of the laws; and(2)section 8 of article I to make all laws necessary and proper for carrying into execution the powers vested by the Constitution of the United States, including the power to regulate commerce under clause 3 of such section.3.Born-alive infants protection(a)Requirements pertaining to born-Alive abortion survivorsChapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 1531 the following:1532.Requirements pertaining to born-alive abortion survivors(a)Requirements for health care practitionersIn the case of an abortion or attempted abortion that results in a child born alive (as defined in section 8 of title 1, United States Code (commonly known as the Born-Alive Infants Protection Act)):(1)Degree of care required; immediate admission to a hospitalAny health care practitioner present at the time the child is born alive shall—(A)exercise the same degree of professional skill, care, and diligence to preserve the life and health of the child as a reasonably diligent and conscientious health care practitioner would render to any other child born alive at the same gestational age; and(B)following the exercise of skill, care, and diligence required under subparagraph (A), ensure that the child born alive is immediately transported and admitted to a hospital.(2)Mandatory reporting of violationsA health care practitioner or any employee of a hospital, a physician’s office, or an abortion clinic who has knowledge of a failure to comply with the requirements of paragraph (1) shall immediately report the failure to an appropriate State or Federal law enforcement agency, or to both.(b)Penalties(1)In generalWhoever violates subsection (a) shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or both.(2)Intentional killing of child born aliveWhoever intentionally performs or attempts to perform an overt act that kills a child born alive described under subsection (a), shall be punished as under section 1111 of this title for intentionally killing or attempting to kill a human being.(c)Bar to prosecutionThe mother of a child born alive described under subsection (a) may not be prosecuted under this section, for conspiracy to violate this section, or for an offense under section 3 or 4 of this title based on such a violation.(d)Civil remedies(1)Civil action by a woman on whom an abortion is performedIf a child is born alive and there is a violation of subsection (a), the woman upon whom the abortion was performed or attempted may, in a civil action against any person who committed the violation, obtain appropriate relief.(2)Appropriate reliefAppropriate relief in a civil action under this subsection includes—(A)objectively verifiable money damage for all injuries, psychological and physical, occasioned by the violation of subsection (a);(B)statutory damages equal to 3 times the cost of the abortion or attempted abortion; and(C)punitive damages.(3)Attorney’s fee for plaintiffThe court shall award a reasonable attorney’s fee to a prevailing plaintiff in a civil action under this subsection.(4)Attorney’s fee for defendantIf a defendant in a civil action under this subsection prevails and the court finds that the plaintiff’s suit was frivolous, the court shall award a reasonable attorney’s fee in favor of the defendant against the plaintiff.(e)DefinitionsIn this section the following definitions apply:(1)AbortionThe term abortion means the use or prescription of any instrument, medicine, drug, or any other substance or device—(A)to intentionally kill the unborn child of a woman known to be pregnant; or(B)to intentionally terminate the pregnancy of a woman known to be pregnant, with an intention other than—(i)after viability, to produce a live birth and preserve the life and health of the child born alive; or(ii)to remove a dead unborn child.(2)AttemptThe term attempt, with respect to an abortion, means conduct that, under the circumstances as the actor believes them to be, constitutes a substantial step in a course of conduct planned to culminate in performing an abortion..(b)Clerical amendmentThe table of sections for chapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item pertaining to section 1531 the following:1532. Requirements pertaining to born-alive abortion survivors..(c)Chapter heading amendments(1)Chapter heading in chapterThe chapter heading for chapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking Partial-Birth Abortions and inserting Abortions.(2)Table of chapters for part IThe item relating to chapter 74 in the table of chapters at the beginning of part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking Partial-Birth Abortions and inserting Abortions.

Referred in Senate (RFS)

119 HR 21 : Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act U.S. House of Representatives 2025-01-24 text/xml EN Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain. IIB119th CONGRESS1st SessionH. R. 21IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATESJanuary 24, 2025Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on the JudiciaryAN ACTTo amend title 18, United States Code, to prohibit a health care practitioner from failing to exercise the proper degree of care in the case of a child who survives an abortion or attempted abortion.1.Short titleThis Act may be cited as the Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act.2.Findings; constitutional authority(a)FindingsCongress finds as follows:(1)If an abortion results in the live birth of an infant, the infant is a legal person for all purposes under the laws of the United States, and entitled to all the protections of such laws.(2)Any infant born alive after an abortion or within a hospital, clinic, or other facility has the same claim to the protection of the law that would arise for any newborn, or for any person who comes to a hospital, clinic, or other facility for screening and treatment or otherwise becomes a patient within its care.(b)Constitutional authorityIn accordance with the above findings, Congress enacts the following pursuant to Congress’ power under—(1)section 5 of the 14th Amendment, including the power to enforce the prohibition on government action denying equal protection of the laws; and(2)section 8 of article I to make all laws necessary and proper for carrying into execution the powers vested by the Constitution of the United States, including the power to regulate commerce under clause 3 of such section.3.Born-alive infants protection(a)Requirements pertaining to born-Alive abortion survivorsChapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 1531 the following:1532.Requirements pertaining to born-alive abortion survivors(a)Requirements for health care practitionersIn the case of an abortion or attempted abortion that results in a child born alive (as defined in section 8 of title 1, United States Code (commonly known as the Born-Alive Infants Protection Act)):(1)Degree of care required; immediate admission to a hospitalAny health care practitioner present at the time the child is born alive shall—(A)exercise the same degree of professional skill, care, and diligence to preserve the life and health of the child as a reasonably diligent and conscientious health care practitioner would render to any other child born alive at the same gestational age; and(B)following the exercise of skill, care, and diligence required under subparagraph (A), ensure that the child born alive is immediately transported and admitted to a hospital.(2)Mandatory reporting of violationsA health care practitioner or any employee of a hospital, a physician’s office, or an abortion clinic who has knowledge of a failure to comply with the requirements of paragraph (1) shall immediately report the failure to an appropriate State or Federal law enforcement agency, or to both.(b)Penalties(1)In generalWhoever violates subsection (a) shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or both.(2)Intentional killing of child born aliveWhoever intentionally performs or attempts to perform an overt act that kills a child born alive described under subsection (a), shall be punished as under section 1111 of this title for intentionally killing or attempting to kill a human being.(c)Bar to prosecutionThe mother of a child born alive described under subsection (a) may not be prosecuted under this section, for conspiracy to violate this section, or for an offense under section 3 or 4 of this title based on such a violation.(d)Civil remedies(1)Civil action by a woman on whom an abortion is performedIf a child is born alive and there is a violation of subsection (a), the woman upon whom the abortion was performed or attempted may, in a civil action against any person who committed the violation, obtain appropriate relief.(2)Appropriate reliefAppropriate relief in a civil action under this subsection includes—(A)objectively verifiable money damage for all injuries, psychological and physical, occasioned by the violation of subsection (a);(B)statutory damages equal to 3 times the cost of the abortion or attempted abortion; and(C)punitive damages.(3)Attorney’s fee for plaintiffThe court shall award a reasonable attorney’s fee to a prevailing plaintiff in a civil action under this subsection.(4)Attorney’s fee for defendantIf a defendant in a civil action under this subsection prevails and the court finds that the plaintiff’s suit was frivolous, the court shall award a reasonable attorney’s fee in favor of the defendant against the plaintiff.(e)DefinitionsIn this section the following definitions apply:(1)AbortionThe term abortion means the use or prescription of any instrument, medicine, drug, or any other substance or device—(A)to intentionally kill the unborn child of a woman known to be pregnant; or(B)to intentionally terminate the pregnancy of a woman known to be pregnant, with an intention other than—(i)after viability, to produce a live birth and preserve the life and health of the child born alive; or(ii)to remove a dead unborn child.(2)AttemptThe term attempt, with respect to an abortion, means conduct that, under the circumstances as the actor believes them to be, constitutes a substantial step in a course of conduct planned to culminate in performing an abortion..(b)Clerical amendmentThe table of sections for chapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item pertaining to section 1531 the following:1532. Requirements pertaining to born-alive abortion survivors..(c)Chapter heading amendments(1)Chapter heading in chapterThe chapter heading for chapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking Partial-Birth Abortions and inserting Abortions.(2)Table of chapters for part IThe item relating to chapter 74 in the table of chapters at the beginning of part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking Partial-Birth Abortions and inserting Abortions.Passed the House of Representatives January 23, 2025.Kevin F. McCumber,Clerk.

The bill's own words, from our database (synced from the GPO BILLS XML); paragraph breaks added at the bill's section boundaries, nothing else changed.

All Actions (15)

DateChamberAll Actions
01/03/2025Library of CongressIntroduced in House
01/03/2025Library of CongressIntroduced in House
01/03/2025House floor actionsReferred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.
01/23/2025House floor actionsConsidered under the provisions of rule H. Res. 5. (consideration: CR H335-345)
01/23/2025House floor actionsDEBATE - The House proceeded with one hour of debate on H.R. 21.
01/23/2025House floor actionsThe previous question was ordered pursuant to the rule.
01/23/2025House floor actionsMs. Chu moved to recommit to the Committee on the Judiciary. (text: CR H344-345)
01/23/2025House floor actionsThe previous question on the motion to recommit was ordered pursuant to clause 2(b) of rule XIX.
01/23/2025House floor actionsPOSTPONED PROCEEDINGS - At the conclusion of debate on H.R. 21, the Chair put the question on the motion to recommit and by voice vote, announced that the noes had prevailed. Ms. Chu demanded the yeas and nays and the Chair postponed further proceedings until a time to be announced.
01/23/2025House floor actionsConsidered as unfinished business. (consideration: CR H347-348)
01/23/2025House floor actionsOn motion to recommit Failed by the Yeas and Nays: 205 - 216 (Roll no. 26).
01/23/2025Library of CongressPassed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 217 - 204, 1 Present (Roll no. 27). (text: CR H335-336)
01/23/2025House floor actionsOn passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 217 - 204, 1 Present (Roll no. 27). (text: CR H335-336)
01/23/2025House floor actionsMotion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
01/24/2025SenateReceived in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Titles (6)

Title TypeTitle
Display TitleBorn-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act
Official Titles from EH (Engrossed in House) bill textTo amend title 18, United States Code, to prohibit a health care practitioner from failing to exercise the proper degree of care in the case of a child who survives an abortion or attempted abortion.
Short Titles from RFS (Referred to Senate) bill textBorn-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act
Short Title(s) as Passed HouseBorn-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act
Short Title(s) as IntroducedBorn-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act
Official Title as IntroducedTo amend title 18, United States Code, to prohibit a health care practitioner from failing to exercise the proper degree of care in the case of a child who survives an abortion or attempted abortion.

Amendments (0)

There are no amendments to this bill.

Cosponsors (163)

* = Original cosponsor

Committees (4)

CommitteeActivity
Senate - Judiciary Committee01/24/2025 Referred To
House - Judiciary Committee01/23/2025 Unknown
House - Judiciary Committee01/23/2025 Unknown
House - Judiciary Committee01/03/2025 Referred To

Related Bills (2)

Subjects (7)

Policy Area: Crime and Law Enforcement

All data on this page comes from our own database (legislation.congress_* tables), synced daily from the GPO govinfo BILLSTATUS and BILLS collections. Formatted after congress.gov; nothing is generated. Member placement is their DW-NOMINATE score (voteview.com, Lewis et al.) - a measurement of roll-call voting behavior, not our judgement. Buckets: Left below −0.50 · Lean Left to −0.25 · Center to +0.25 · Lean Right to +0.50 · Right above +0.50. The bill's Support meter aggregates the people who signed the bill - sponsor and current cosponsors, each counted once - nothing else.